Hnub ci / hnub ci ntiaj teb panels / hnub zoo tshaj hnub ci

Tib lub hnub ci hlwb tsis tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha mus rau lub hwj chim. Lub hwj chim yuav tsum yog cov hlua ntawm cov roj teeb uas txuas nrog, thiab txuas nrog rau qhov sib luag thiab muab ntim rau hauv cov khoom. Hnub ci panels (tseem hu ua hnub ci modules) yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub hnub ci zog tshuab thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lub hnub ci zog.

Lub hnub yog irradiated rau ntawm lub semiconductor pn hlawv kom tsim ib lub qhov tshiab qhov-electron pair. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm pn junction fais fab, qhov ntawm ntu ntawm thaj av p mus rau n cheeb tsam. Cov electrons ntws ntawm thaj av n txog cheeb tsam p, thiab qhov tam sim no yog tsim tau tom qab lub Circuit Court muab rau. Qhov no yog qhov teebmeem ntawm qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hnub ci ntawm lub cev.

Hnub ci zog lub hnub Muaj ob txoj hauv kev siv lub hnub ci zog, ib lub teeb - qhov hluav taws xob - hluav taws xob hloov dua tshiab, lwm qhov yog qhov muag - hluav taws xob ncaj hloov.

(1) lub teeb - tshav kub - hluav taws xob hloov txoj kev los ntawm kev siv cov hluav taws xob hnub ci los ntawm thermal lub zog, feem ntau los ntawm lub hnub ci collector yuav nqus cov cua sov hauv lub tub yees refrigerant, thiab tom qab ntawd tsav lub cav ua kom muaj zog. Cov txheej txheem dhau los yog qhov kev hloov khoom siv hluav taws xob; Qhov txheej txheem tom kawg yog thermo-hluav taws xob hloov txheej txheem.

(2) kho qhov muag - hluav taws xob ncaj qha txoj kev hloov dua siab tshiab yog siv cov nyhuv photoelectric, lub hnub ci tawg tau ncaj qha mus rau hauv hluav taws xob, qhov muag hluav taws xob - kev hloov hluav taws xob yooj yim yog lub nruab hnub ci. Lub hnub ci ntawm tes yog ib qho khoom siv uas hloov cov hnub ci zog rau hauv hluav taws xob los ntawm cov nyhuv photovoltaic. Nws yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob photocopter. Thaum lub hnub ci rau ntawm photodiode, lub photodiode hloov lub hnub ci zog rau hauv hluav taws xob. Tam sim no. Thaum ntau lub roj teeb nyob rau hauv series los yog nyob rau hauv parallel yuav ua tau ib tug loj tso zis zog ntawm lub hnub ci cell.

Tam sim no, cov ntaub ntawv crystalline silicon (xws li polysilicon thiab monocrystalline silicon) yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws photovoltaic khoom, nws txoj kev ua lag luam ntawm ntau tshaj 90%, thiab yav tom ntej rau ib lub sijhawm ntev yog tseem tseem ceeb ntawm cov hnub ci qis. Polysilicon khoom siv tshuab tau ntev lawm hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, Nyiv, Lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab lwm lub teb chaws peb 7 tuam txhab ntawm 10 lub lag luam, tsim kev siv technology thaiv, kev lag luam monopoly. Qhov kev thov rau polysilicon yog los ntawm semiconductors thiab hnub ci hlwb. Raws li qhov txawv ntawm cov kev cai ntawm purity, muab faib ua hluav taws xob thiab hnub ci. Ntawm lawv, rau cov qhab nia hluav taws xob qhia txog polysilicon txog li 55%, hnub ci polysilicon accounted rau 45%, nrog rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam photovoltaic, hnub ci kev lag luam rau polysilicon kev loj hlob ntau dua qhov kev loj hlob ntawm semiconductor polysilicon, yuav tsum muaj 2008 hnub Polysilicon Kev xav yuav ntau tshaj qhov hluav taws xob hauv qib polysilicon. Nyob rau hauv 1994 lub ntiaj teb tag nrho cov kev tsim tawm ntawm lub hnub ci hnub yog tsuas 69MW, thiab nyob rau hauv 2004 ze rau 1200MW, nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm ntawm 10 xyoo nce los ntawm 17 lub sij hawm. Cov kws khom yeem kwv yees tias lub hnub ci kev lag luam saum huab cua yuav ntxiv nuclear fais fab ua ib qho ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws cov kev siv zog nyob hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm xyoo pua 21st.