MIT tsim ultra-thin solar cells

Lub hnub ci zog yog lub ntiaj teb cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau tshaj plaws thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov hnub ci zoo thiab ruaj khov tuaj yeem txo qhov kev kub ntxhov thoob ntiaj teb, thiab lub hnub ci tshuab hluav taws xob tau pom tias yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv lub zog huv. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, lub hnub ci hlwb yuav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis thiab kev tsim khoom lub neej, tsis yog rau lub ru tsev thiab hnub ci ua liaj ua teb xwb, tab sis kuj tseem siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob aerospace xws li aircraft thiab satellites.

Nrog rau kev tsim cov txheej txheem tsim khoom rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob semiconductor, lub ntiaj teb tau pom qhov txawv txav ntawm kev tshawb fawb rau hauv lub hnub ci hlwb, thiab ntau yam kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis. Ntawm cov no, ultra-thin cell solar cells tuav cov lus cog tseg tshwj xeeb hauv daim teb no vim tias lawv tuaj yeem siv rau ntau yam tsis xwm yeem, nkhaus lossis lwm qhov chaw tsis zoo, thiab tuaj yeem txo cov khoom siv thiab kev tsim khoom, ncaj qha txo cov nqi.

Nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv tsis ntev los no tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tshaj tawm ntawm phau ntawv journal Methods, engineers ntawm Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) hais tias lawv tau tsim ib lub hnub ci ultra-thin cell uas tuaj yeem tig txhua qhov chaw mus rau hauv lub zog hluav taws xob. Lub hnub ci cell, uas yog nyias dua li tib neeg cov plaub hau thiab ua raws li ib daim ntaub, hnyav tsuas yog ib puas feem pua ​​ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag tab sis tsim hluav taws xob ntau dua 18 npaug rau ib kilogram thiab tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv nkoj sails, kev puas tsuaj cov tsev pheeb suab ntaub thiab cov ntaub pua plag, cov tis ntawm drones thiab qhov chaw ntawm ntau lub tsev.

Mayuran Saravanapavanantham, tus thawj coj ntawm tsab xov xwm hais tias, kev tsim hluav taws xob tib yam, peb cov ntaub PV tsuas yog xav tau txog 20 kg (44 lbs). ) ntxiv rau lub ru tsev ntawm lub tsev."

Kev tsim ntawm ultra-thin solar cells

Pab pawg MIT tom qab cov thev naus laus zis tau nrhiav kev txhim kho nws cov kev txhim kho yav dhau los hauv cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, thiab nws ua tiav lub hnub ci ultra-thin cell hauv xyoo 2016 uas hnyav txaus los zaum ntawm xab npum npuas tsis tawg. Cov txheej txheem ib txwm siv rau kev tsim cov hnub ci hnub ci xav tau lub tshuab nqus tsev thiab cov txheej txheem vapor deposition kim. Lub sijhawm no, txhawm rau ntsuas cov thev naus laus zis, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tig mus rau cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm nanomaterials raws li e-tus lej los ua kom yooj yim cov txheej txheem.

Ultra-nyias solar cells

Hauv chav nano-ntxuav huv, cov kws tshawb fawb tau siv lub coater extrusion los tso cov txheej txheem nano-electronic mus rau 3 micron tuab substrate, tom qab ntawd los ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam luam ntawv los luam tawm cov electrodes thiab ua kom tiav lub hnub ci module, tom qab ntawd tshem tawm cov ntawv luam tawm, uas yog hais txog 15 microns tuab, tawm ntawm cov yas substrate los tsim ib lub teeb ultra-lub hnub ci ntaus ntawv module. Tab sis qhov no slim, freestanding hnub ci module yog qhov nyuaj rau lis thiab kua muag tau yooj yim, ua rau nws nyuaj rau deploy.

Cov kws tshawb nrhiav yog li ntawd tau tev thiab muab cov qauv rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv substrate uas muab cov khoom siv dag zog uas xav tau los tiv thaiv kev tawg. Lub teeb yuag, hloov tau yooj yim, raws li cov khoom sib xyaw Dyneema, hnyav tsuas yog 13 grams ib square meter thiab tuaj yeem ua raws li lub hnub ci rau nws. Los ntawm kev ntxiv ib txheej ntawm curing nplaum uas tsuas yog ob peb microns tuab, lub hnub ci modules tuaj yeem txuas rau Dyneema, uas ua rau lub teeb yuag thiab lub hnub ci muaj zog.

Kev ua tau zoo heev thiab kev siv dav dav

Cov ntaub ntawv ruaj khov-photovoltaic no yog 50 microns tuab thiab hnyav dua 1 gram ntawm thaj chaw module (sib npaug rau thaj tsam ntawm 105 g / m2). Cov kev sim sim tau pom tias cov hnub ci ultra-thin dawb tuaj yeem tsim tau 730 watts ib kilogram, thiab yog tias lawv raug khi rau lub zog siab "Power Horse" ntaub, lawv tuaj yeem ua tiav lub zog tshwj xeeb ntawm 370 watts ib kilogram, 18 zaug. uas yog cov pa solar cells. Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv ultra-thin rau hauv cov ntaub sib xyaw ua rau lawv hloov pauv tau yooj yim thiab cov ntaub-photovoltaic systems khaws lawv cov kev ua tau zoo tom qab 500 lub voj voog yob, nrog ntau dua 90 feem pua ​​​​ntawm lawv qhov pib lub zog tsim hluav taws xob. Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj kev tsim ntawm tes no tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv los tsim cov hlwb hloov tau nrog thaj chaw loj.

Piv txwv: OPV module thiab cais Parylene ntaus ntawv. A) Daim duab ntawm qhov ua tiav OPV module ntawm PET substrate. B) Cov yam ntxwv tam sim no-voltage ntawm cov cuab yeej tswj (PET-IMI, PET-AgNW) thiab Parylene ntawm PET ntaus ntawv ua ntej thiab tom qab tshem tawm los ntawm PET cov cab kuj.

Ultra-thin solar cells tau muab lub zog rau kev tshawb nrhiav lwm qhov chaw siv hluav taws xob. Vim tias cov hnub ci hnub ci no nyias thiab lub teeb, lawv tuaj yeem txuas rau ntau qhov chaw sib txawv. Piv txwv li, lawv tuaj yeem koom ua ke rau hauv nkoj nkoj los muab lub zog ntawm hiav txwv, ua raws li cov tsev pheeb suab ntaub thiab cov ntaub pua tsev uas tau siv rau hauv kev ua haujlwm rov qab los, lossis siv rau cov tis ntawm drones kom ntev lawv lub davhlau. Lub teeb ci hnub ci thev naus laus zis no tseem tuaj yeem yooj yim sib xyaw rau hauv ib puag ncig tsim thiab yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau yav tom ntej tsim thiab kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev lag luam. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hnub ci vaj huam sib luag tuaj yeem siv tau raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hnav thaum mus los, lossis tuaj yeem thauj thiab xa mus sai rau hauv cov chaw nyob deb kom muab kev pab thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev.

Cov kev sib tw yav tom ntej

Cov kws tshawb fawb tau hais tias thaum lawv lub hnub ci lub hnub ci sib zog thiab hloov pauv ntau dua li cov qauv siv niaj hnub, lawv yuav tsum tau ntim rau hauv lwm cov khoom siv los tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Thiab cov khoom siv carbon-based organic siv los ua cov hlwb no tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog cov dej noo thiab oxygen hauv huab cua, uas tuaj yeem txo cov hlwb ua haujlwm.

Yees duab: Ultra-thin solar cells nyob rau hauv kev sim

Raws li Jeremiah Mwaura, tus kws tshawb fawb tshawb fawb ntawm MIT's Electronics Research Laboratory, encasing cov hnub ci hnub ci hauv iav hnyav, raws li kev coj ua qauv rau cov hnub ci silicon hnub ci, yuav txo qis tus nqi ntawm kev nce qib tam sim no, yog li pab pawg tam sim no tab tom tsim cov ntim ultra-thin. cov kev daws teeb meem los daws qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hlwb los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig, uas tsuas yog ntxiv cov khoom siv ultra-hnav los ntawm ib feem ntawm qhov hnyav.

Jeremiah Mwaura tau hais ntxiv tias: "Peb tab tom sim tshem tawm cov khoom siv uas tsis yog hnub ci ntau npaum li qhov ua tau, thaum tseem khaws daim ntawv thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov qauv hnub ci ultra-lub teeb thiab hloov tau yooj yim. Peb paub, piv txwv li, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tuaj yeem ua tau ntxiv. simplified los ntawm kev luam tawm cov substrates, sib npaug rau cov txheej txheem uas peb siv los ua rau lwm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg hauv peb cov khoom siv.

Raws li qib kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis txuas ntxiv txhim kho, kev tshawb pom thiab siv ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab, thev naus laus zis thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yuav muaj tseeb txuas ntxiv mus rau kev txhim kho cov ntawv thov hnub ci. Ultra-thin solar cells tseem yuav tsim kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua rau lub neej yav tom ntej.