Yuav khaws cov hnub ci zog li cas rau 18 xyoo?
May 06, 2022
Chalmers University of Technology hauv Gothenburg, Sweden, tau tsim lub hnub ci cell uas tuaj yeem khaws lub hnub ci zog rau 18 xyoo. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov project tseem tsis tau tshaj tawm, tab sis nws paub tias ua tiav khaws cia thiab tso tawm hnub ci zog tsim los ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob thermoelectric.
Cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias qhov no yog "txoj kev tshiab ntawm lub hnub ci zog tsim hluav taws xob." Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lub hnub ci zog tuaj yeem tsim hluav taws xob txawm tias hnub ci lossis los nag lossis daus. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no txhais tau hais tias lub hnub ci zog cia tshuab tau nce mus rau theem tshiab, vim tias lub hnub ci zog tuaj yeem thauj mus rau qhov chaw, tib lub sijhawm, yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nws qhov zoo thiab lub zog.
Thermal storage technology tau ua kom pom tseeb ntawm cov kws tshaj lij hnub ci tau ntau xyoo lawm, vim tias lub hnub ci zog yuav tsum muaj peev xwm khaws cia ntev. Ib txwm siv roj teeb cia yuav tsum tau hloov hluav taws xob los ntawm lub hnub ci zog. Nrog cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob, lub thawv uas muaj cua sov tuaj yeem tuav cov khoom molten (xws li dej los yog molten ntsev).
Hauv kaum xyoo tom ntej lossis ntau dua, kev txhim kho ntawm lub hnub ci thev naus laus zis ntawm Chalmers University of Technology xav kom ncav cuag qhov siab tshiab.
Yuav khaws cov hnub ci zog li cas?
Hnub ci zog cia tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg, xws li thermal zog cia, roj teeb lub zog cia thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob cia.
Dab tsi yog thermal zog cia?
Thermal zog cia siv ntau yam xov xwm, xws li dej los yog molten ntsev, nqus thiab khaws cov cua sov los ntawm lub hnub ci zog. Qhov nruab nrab hloov hluav taws xob no yog khaws cia rau hauv ib lub thawv insulated. Thaum xav tau lub zog, nws tuaj yeem tau los ntawm cov dej kub npau npau.
Lub roj teeb lub zog cia yog dab tsi?
Lub hnub ci zog kuj tseem tuaj yeem khaws cia hauv cov hlwb electrochemical. Thaum lub hnub ci zog tau tso rau hauv lub roj teeb, cov tshuaj lom neeg tshwm sim ntawm cov khoom siv roj teeb, uas khaws lub zog. Thaum xav tau lub zog, qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj no thim rov qab, tso tawm lub zog. Cov roj teeb lithium-ion feem ntau yog siv rau hnub ci zog cia, thiab cov cuab yeej siv roj teeb tshiab tau txhim kho sai, thiab xav tias pheej yig dua thiab ntau dua scalable roj teeb cia daws teeb meem yuav tsim nyob rau yav tom ntej. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias los ntawm 2050, US lub zog cia yuav tsum ncav cuag ze li ntawm 7.5 lab kilowatts ib xyoo (rau lub sijhawm xyoo 2020), nrog rau kev lag luam tus nqi ntawm $ 7.3 billion.
Mechanical Storage yog dab tsi?
Mechanical storage technology siv lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom siv los tsim hluav taws xob. Mechanical cia tuaj yeem hloov hluav taws xob ntau dhau mus rau hauv lub zog txhua yam, thiab tom qab ntawd hloov cov tshuab hluav taws xob rau hauv hluav taws xob thaum xav tau hluav taws xob. Muaj peb lub ntsiab mechanical zog cia tshuab:
Flywheel ruaj khov
Txoj kev khaws cia no siv lub zog ntau dhau los tsav lub flywheel tig, siv lub flywheel los tsim hluav taws xob, thiab muab lub zog sai sai thaum lub sij hawm siv hluav taws xob siab.
Pumped Hydroelectric Storage
Pumped hydro cia yog siv cov twj tso kua mis los tso dej nce toj rau hauv lub reservoir nyob saum lub tshuab hluav taws xob turbine. Dej tuaj yeem ntws los ntawm turbines los tsim hluav taws xob thaum lub sijhawm xav tau hluav taws xob ntau.
Compressed cua cia
Compressed cua cia tshuab tuaj yeem tso cua compressed rau hauv cov thawv loj, xws li cov roj tso tsheb hlau luam lossis cov pob zeb hauv av. Thaum siv hluav taws xob siab tshaj plaws, huab cua tuaj yeem tso tawm kom tsim hluav taws xob.
Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los khaws lub hnub ci zog
Tam sim no, tsis muaj txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los khaws lub hnub ci zog. Kev xaiv ntawm hnub ci zog cia txoj kev nyob ntawm qhov xav tau thiab muaj peev xwm.
Kev lag luam hnub ci cia
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov lag luam muaj peev nyiaj ntau dua li cov tib neeg thiab cov tsev neeg, yog li lawv tuaj yeem xaiv ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv thermal cia. Txawm hais tias cov txheej txheem khaws cia no kim, lawv tso cai rau cov tuam txhab hluav taws xob los muab lub zog txaus thaum lub sijhawm xav tau.
